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The Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin Resistance and Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction*

This article delves into the underlying mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, focusing on insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. It explains how obesity and a sedentary lifestyle contribute to the development of insulin resistance, which in turn leads to increased blood glucose levels. The article also discusses the progressive nature of beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes and the role of genetic and environmental factors in the disease’s pathogenesis. The review concludes by highlighting potential therapeutic targets to improve insulin sensitivity and preserve beta-cell function.

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